Análisis del efecto de la actividad física y adherencia a la dieta mediterránea en enfermedades crónicas

Daniel Rovira Martínez; Mª Loreto Tárraga Marcos; Mario Romero de Ávila; Fátima Madrona Marcos; Pedro J. Tárraga López

doi:10.19230/jonnpr.3815

Autores/as

Daniel Rovira Martínez Grado de Medicina Universidad Castilla la Mancha, España
Mª Loreto Tárraga Marcos Enfermería Hospital Clinico de Zaragoza, España
Mario Romero de Ávila Pediatra Hospital de Almansa (Albacete), España
Fátima Madrona Marcos Médico Residente de Medicina Familia de Albacete Zona 5 A, España
Pedro J. Tárraga López Profesor Medicina de Universidad Castilla la Mancha, España

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19230/jonnpr.3815

Palabras clave:

Dieta Mediterranea, actividad fisica, enfermedad crónica

Resumen

Objetivo. Analisis entre la relación de actividad física y dieta mediterranea con enfermedades crónicas.

Método. se ha llevado a cabo una búsqueda de artículos publicados en portales sanitarios como Web Of Scienc De Palabras clave: Physical activity; obesity; type 2 diabetes; arterial hypertension; Mediterranean diet; Physical Exercise.

Resultados. De un total de 41 artículos revisados en Pubmed, Elsevier y Web Of Science (WOS), finalmente se han utilizado 20, con al menos el 50% de ellos con una periodicidad menor a 5 años. Siendo el número medio de citas de 1101.85.
Se ha observado que en los distintos estudios una de las causas mas frecuentes de morbimortalidad en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas es la inactividad fisica y el sedentarismo.
El estilo de alimentación mediterráneo ha demostrado, con amplia solvencia científica, por asociación o intervención, generar numerosos beneficios en la prevención y tratamiento de diferentes tipos de condiciones de riesgo y/o patologías crónicas.

Conclusiones. Se recomienda que todos los individuos reciban consejos sobre alimentación y actividad saludable y adoptar el patrón dietético mediterráneo con aceite de oliva para disminuir su riesgo de enfermedad cardiovascular.

Descargas

Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.

Citas

Booth FW, Roberts CK, Laye MJ. Lack of Exercise Is a Major Cause of Chronic Diseases. Compr Physiol. 2012 Apr;2(2):1143–211.)

2.Harrison - Principios de Medicina Interna (19 Ed.) Vol. 2. Página 2401, 2249, 2250

Garber CE, Blissmer B, Deschenes MR, Franklin BA, Lamonte MJ, Lee I-M, et al. Quantity and Quality of Exercise for Developing and Maintaining Cardiorespiratory, Musculoskeletal, and Neuromotor Fitness in Apparently Healthy Adults: Guidance for Prescribing Exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011 Jul;43(7):1334–59. )

Anderson TJ, Gregoire J, Pearson GJ, Barry AR, Couture P, Dawes M, et al. 2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidemia for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in the Adult. Can J Cardiol. 2016 Nov;32(11):1263–82.)

Knowler WC, Barrett-Connor E, Fowler SE, Hamman RF, Lachin JM, Walker EA, et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin. N Engl J Med. 2002 Feb 7;346(6):393–403.)

Ambrose TL, Khan KM, Eng JJ, Lord SR, McKay HA. Balance confidence improves with resistance or agility training - Increase is not correlated with objective changes in fall risk and physical abilities. Gerontology. 2004;50(6):373–82.

Warburton DER, Nicol CW, Bredin SSD. Health benefits of physical activity: the evidence. Can Med Assoc J. 2006 Mar 14;174(6):801–9.

Colberg SR, Sigal RJ, Yardley JE, Riddell MC, Dunstan DW, Dempsey PC, et al. Physical Activity/Exercise and Diabetes: A Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care. 2016 Nov;39(11):2065–79.

Warburton DER, Bredin SSD. Reflections on Physical Activity and Health: What Should We Recommend? Can J Cardiol. 2016 Apr;32(4):495–504.)

Ekelund U, Steene-Johannessen J, Brown WJ, Fagerland MW, Owen N, Powell KE, et al. Does physical activity attenuate, or even eliminate, the detrimental association of sitting time with mortality? A harmonised meta-analysis of data from more than 1 million men and women. Lancet. 2016 Sep 24;388(10051):1302–10.

Richter EA, Hargreaves M. Exercise, Glut4, and Skeletal Muscle Glucose Uptake. Physiol Rev. 2013 Jul;93(3):993–1017.

Yaribeygi H, Atkin SL, Simental-Mendia LE, Sahebkar A. Molecular mechanisms by which aerobic exercise induces insulin sensitivity. J Cell Physiol. 2019 Aug;234(8):12385–92.

Giorgos N. Kraniou, David Cameron-Smith, Mark Hargreaves Et al. Acute exercise and GLUT4 expression in human skeletal muscle: influence of exercise intensity. J Appl Physiol 101: 934–937, 2006.

Umpierre D, Ribeiro PAB, Kramer CK, Leitao CB, Zucatti ATN, Azevedo MJ, et al. Physical Activity Advice Only or Structured Exercise Training and Association With HbA(1c) Levels in Type 2 Diabetes A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA-J Am Med Assoc. 2011 May 4;305(17):1790–9.

Kotova OV, Zavalishina SY, Makurina ON, Kiperman YV, Savchenko AP, Skoblikova TV, et al. Impact estimation of long regular exercise on hemostasis and blood rheological features of patients with incipient hypertension. Bali Med J. 2017;6(3):514–20.

Bray GA, Fruhbeck G, Ryan DH, Wilding JPH. Management of obesity. Lancet. 2016 May 7;387(10031):1947–56.

Kraus WE, Houmard JA, Duscha BD, Knetzger KJ, Wharton MB, McCartney JS, et al. Effects of the amount and intensity of exercise on plasma lipoproteins. N Engl J Med. 2002 Nov 7;347(19):1483–92.

Anderson TJ, Gregoire J, Pearson GJ, Barry AR, Couture P, Dawes M, et al. 2016 Canadian Cardiovascular Society Guidelines for the Management of Dyslipidemia for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease in the Adult. Can J Cardiol. 2016 Nov;32(11):1263–82.)

Guasch-Ferre M, Liu G, Li Y, Sampson L, Manson JE, Salas-Salvado J, et al. Olive Oil Consumption and Cardiovascular Risk in US Adults. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2020 Apr 21;75(15):1729–39.

Thomas DT, Erdman KA, Burke LM. Position of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, Dietitians of Canada, and the American College of Sports Medicine: Nutrition and Athletic Performance. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2016 Mar;116(3):501–28.

Quach A, Levine ME, Tanaka T, Lu AT, Chen BH, Ferrucci L, et al. Epigenetic clock analysis of diet, exercise, education, and lifestyle factors. Aging-US. 2017 Feb;9(2):419–46

Trichopoulou A, Orfanos P, Norat T, Bueno-de-Mesquita B, Ocke MC, Peeters PH, et al. Modified Mediterranean diet and survival: EPIC-elderly prospective cohort study. BMJ 2005; 330 (7498): 991.

Serra-Majem L, Roman B, Estruch R. Scientific evidence of interventions using the Mediterranean diet: a systematic review. Nutr Rev 2006; 64 (2 Pt 2): S27-47.

de Lorgeril M, Renaud S, Mamelle N, Salen P, Martin JL, Monjaud I, et al. Mediterranean alpha-linolenic acid-rich diet in secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Lancet 1994; 343 (8911): 1454-9.

Martínez-González MA, Salas-Salvado J, Estruch R, Corella DD, Fito M, Ros E, et al. Benefits of the Mediterranean Diet: Insights from the PREDIMED Study. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2015.

Estruch R, Ros E, Salas-Salvado J, Covas MI, Corella D, Aros F, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet. N Engl J Med 2013; 368 (14): 1279-90.

Salas-Salvado J, Bullo M, Babio N, Martínez-González MA, Ibarrola-Jurado N, Basora J, et al. Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with the Mediterranean diet: results of the PREDIMED-Reus nutrition intervention randomized trial. Diabetes Care 2011; 34 (1): 14-9.

Díaz-López A, Babio N, Martínez-González MA, Corella D, Amor AJ, Fito M, et al. Mediterranean Diet, Retinopathy, Nephropathy, and Microvascular Diabetes Complications: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Trial. Diabetes Care 2015.

Salas-Salvado J, Fernández-Ballart J, Ros E, Martínez-González MA, Fito M, Estruch R, et al. Effect of a Mediterranean diet supplemented with nuts on metabolic syndrome status: one-year results of the PREDIMED randomized trial. Arch Intern Med 2008; 168 (22): 2449-58.

Babio N, Toledo E, Estruch R, Ros E, Martínez-González MA, Castaner O, et al. Mediterranean diets and metabolic syndrome status in the PREDIMED randomized trial. CMAJ 2014; 186 (17): E649-57.