Assessment of the Treatment of Bruxism by botulinum toxin
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19230/jonnpr.4064Keywords:
bruxism; Botulinum toxin; Quality of lifeAbstract
Bruxism is characterized by being an activity related to the activation of the chewing muscles repeatedly and usually during sleep. The relevance of this entity resides in its association with tooth erosions and mobility, dental fractures, myalgia and hypertrophy of the masseter muscle and or characteristic arthralgia. Although its etiology is not clear, it is related to a multitude of pathophysiological factors. Currently there are many lines of treatment for this health problem, such as: cognitive-behavioral therapy, occlusion or discharge splints, pharmacological options such as benzodiazepines, and dopamine. These measures usually serve to manage the signs and symptoms derived from bruxism, but the effectiveness of all of them is not total.
Currently, faced with the need to search for other therapeutic options for the problem of bruxism, multiple trials have focused their attention on the use of botulinum toxin as an alternative, taking into account its efficacy for a wide variety of medical and aesthetic pathologies.
The objective of this update is to update the knowledge to date of the existing evidence about the use of botulinum toxin in the treatment of bruxism. For this, the existing systematic reviews that include the main available randomized clinical trials are selected.
Method. Bibliographic review in the main databases using the words "bruxism" and / or "botulinum toxin"
Results. After the analysis of the different reviews we can say that all the results point in the same direction: that botulinum toxin injections in the masseter and / or temporal muscles can be a valid treatment option in patients with bruxism, since they can improve the quality of life. With the exception of the systematic review by Ågren et al, 28 who do not see evidence through the tests that record electromyographic activity and bite force to recommend the use of botulinum toxin as a treatment for bruxism at the present time.
Conclusions. botulinum toxin infiltrations can reduce the frequency of bruxism episodes, as well as the chewing force, and reduce pain levels derived from it, which translates into an improvement in the quality of life of patients, with a low percentage of side effects.
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