Chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer and pathological response

Authors

  • Abrahams Ocanto Servicio de Oncología-Radioterápica del Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6494-8197
  • Beatriz Debén Servicio de Oncología-Radioterápica del Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
  • Isabel Rodríguez Servicio de Oncología-Radioterápica del Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
  • Belen Belinchón Servicio de Oncología-Radioterápica del Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
  • Luís Glaría Servicio de Oncología-Radioterápica del Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España
  • Rosa Morera Servicio de Oncología-Radioterápica del Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, España

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19230/jonnpr.3812

Keywords:

chemoradiotherapy, cancer of rectum, radiotherapy, cancer

Abstract

Introduction. Neoadjuvant treatment with radiotherapy and radiosensitizing chemotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) significantly decreases local recurrence rates. Therefore the objective of this  study is to analyze the pathological complete response (PCR) and partial response (PPR) of neoadjuvant  treatment with exclusive chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Matherial and Method. It has been made a study descriptive, retrospective in a cohort of patients with LARC in the January 2016 to December 2018 period in the Radiation-Oncology Department of Hospital Universitario La Paz. 140 patients were included. A group of patients (92,9%) received treatment with radiotherapy 3D conformed technique with a dose administered the 45 Gy on pelvis and a boost of 5,4 Gy on tumor and other  group (7,1%) received treatment with volumetric archotherapy radiotherapy (VMAT) guided by image (IGRT)  with a dose administered of 53,7% on pelvis with concurrent boost and. The dose of capecitabine was 850  mg/m2, twice a day during the treatment. The patients were re-evaluated with post-neoadjuvant MRI.  Patients were operated 6 to 8 weeks post chemoradiotherapy.

Results. CPR was obtained of 17,1% and pPR of 80,1% with a global rate downstaging of 31,8%.

Conclusion. It concludes that chemoradiotherapy neoadjuvant is a safe treatment with acceptable rates of local control in patients with LARC.

 

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Published

2020-08-25