Review of the composition of energy drinks and health effects perceived by young consumers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.19230/jonnpr.3800Keywords:
Energy drinks, adverse effects, caffeine, health damage, youthAbstract
Introduction. Diet is a factor that determines the health of individuals, having great importance in physical development and growth, reproduction and physical and intellectual performance. Energy drinks are non-alcoholic drinks, frequently carbonated, composed mainly of caffeine and carbohydrates, amino acids, vitamins, minerals, vegetable extracts, accompanied by additives such as preservatives, flavors, and colorants.
Objective. To present information on the composition of energy drinks and the side effects they produce in teenagers and university students who consume energy drinks.
Material and methods. The compilation of information on energy drinks sold in local shops in the city of Pachuca Hidalgo was carried out. In addition, a systematic review of articles from the most current national and international literature on energy drinks and their possible effects on health in the population between 14 and 23 years was carried out. Articles from 2013 to 2020 were identified in various search engines such as Google Scholar, MEDLINE, PUBMED, Scielo.
Results. Energy drinks added to a high content of sugars, caffeine and taurine, in addition to other components such as vitamins. The consumption of energy drinks has increased and is related to the effects on different variables in health from the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, liver and respiratory functions.
Conclusion. Energy drinks components such as caffeine and taurine related to side effects such as cardiovascular problems, tachycardia, gastrointestinal upset or nervousness.
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