La influencia de la significación vital y el apoyo social en la resiliencia en Argentina, Colombia, Indonesia y España
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15257/ehquidad.2024.0007Palabras clave:
vida significativa, significación vital, apoyo social, resiliencia, bienestarResumen
Uno de los propósitos fundamentales del ser humano es desarrollar una vida plena y significativa. Entre las fuentes principales para lograr esa significación se halla el apoyo social. La significación vital es esencial porque, además, contribuye a conseguir el afrontamiento resiliente de las adversidades que se producen a lo largo de la existencia. Este es un tema de investigación relevante para el Trabajo Social y otras ciencias sociales. 1.500 participantes de Argentina, Colombia, España e Indonesia completaron un cuadernillo con la Medida de Vida Significativa (MLM) de Morgan y Farsides (2009a, 2009b), la Encuesta de Apoyo Social (MOS-SSS) de Sherbourne y Stewart (1991) y la Escala de Resiliencia (CD-RISC) de Connor-Davidson (2003). Las escalas tienen buenas propiedades psicométricas. El análisis factorial encuentra una estructura de cinco factores para la escala de vida significativa y dos factores para la de apoyo social, mientras que la escala de resiliencia se comporta como unifactorial. El modelo estructural muestra que el apoyo social influye tanto en la significación vital como en la resiliencia ante la adversidad. También se observa una influencia directa del apoyo social sobre la resiliencia.
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