Are detox diets an effective strategy for obesity and oxidation management in the short term?

Ismael San Mauro Martin; Victor Paredes Barato; Sara Sanz Rojo; Sara López Oliva; Elena Garicano Vilar; Paulina Gudalewska; Marta Martín; Xin Rui; María José Ciudad Cabañas; Luis Collado Yurrita

doi:10.19230/jonnpr.1585

Autores/as

Ismael San Mauro Martin Research Centre in Nutrition and Health (CINUSA group). Madrid
Victor Paredes Barato Research Centre in Nutrition and Health (CINUSA group). Madrid
Sara Sanz Rojo Research Centre in Nutrition and Health (CINUSA group). Madrid
Sara López Oliva Research Centre in Nutrition and Health (CINUSA group). Madrid
Elena Garicano Vilar Research Centre in Nutrition and Health (CINUSA group). Madrid
Paulina Gudalewska Polish Research Unit. Research Centre in Nutrition and Health (CINUSA group)
Marta Martín Research Centre in Nutrition and Health (CINUSA group). Madrid
Xin Rui Research Centre in Nutrition and Health (CINUSA group). Madrid
María José Ciudad Cabañas Departamento de Medicina. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid
Luis Collado Yurrita Departamento de Medicina. Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Madrid

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19230/jonnpr.1585

Palabras clave:

desintoxicación, oxidación, antioxidante, obesidad, dieta

Resumen

Introducción: Las dietas de desintoxicación son estrategias populares que pretenden facilitar la eliminación de toxinas y la pérdida de peso, promoviendo así la salud y el bienestar.

Objetivo: examinar si las dietas de desintoxicación afectan a los marcadores antioxidantes en la sangre y la composición corporal.

Métodos: 14 participantes fueron divididos aleatoriamente en dos grupos: a) Grupo 1/Dieta Detox: siguieron de una dieta exclusiva de desintoxicación basada en zumos durante tres días, seguida de una dieta hipocalórica durante 4 días; y b) Grupo 2/Dieta mediterránea: siguió una dieta mediterránea hipocalórica durante 7 días.

Resultados: hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas, en ambos grupos, entre los datos basales y finales en todas las variables del estudio, excepto para test PAT. El peso, IMC, grasa total, músculo y dROM disminuyeron, mientras que el agua corporal aumentó ligeramente. La pérdida de peso y la grasa corporal fueron mayores en el grupo 2 (dieta mediterránea) que en el grupo 1 (dieta detox). El porcentaje de agua corporal y el nivel de metabolitos reactivos del oxígeno aumentaron. En el grupo 1, hubo mayor pérdida de musculatura y agua. Se observó una disminución en el nivel de metabolitos reactivos del oxígeno. Sin embargo, en el grupo 1 hubo una disminución menor en la respuesta antioxidante del cuerpo que en el grupo 2.

Conclusión: Aunque hay informes que apoyan que las dietas de desintoxicación son útiles para la promoción de la salud y la pérdida de peso y algunos estudios preliminares que sugieren que ciertos componentes nutricionales poseen propiedades de desintoxicación, en nuestro estudio no llegamos a dicha conclusión.

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